Whole-body cryotherapy occurs in special chambers. Cryochambers have strict control over the temperature and humidity. Participants are usually dressed to allow maximum exposure to the cold. Usually, participants must stay in the chamber no longer than 4 minutes at a temperature from – 85 to – 140 degrees Celsius.
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In a whole-body cryochamber, there is no exposure to liquid nitrogen. Instead, the chamber is cooled either through electricity or liquid nitrogen. For liquid nitrogen whole-body cryochambers, the liquid nitrogen is pumped into pipes inside the walls of the chamber. This supercools the surrounding fresh air which is then pumped into the chamber. Hence, there is no exposure to liquid nitrogen.
When you get into the cryochamber it causes your skin to cool. This activates the sympathetic nervous system. As a result, the blood vessels close to the surface of the skin narrow. This causes the blood flow to the peripheries and to injured or inflamed tissues in the body to slow. The decrease in blood flow slows down the metabolic processes in these areas. Hence, inflammation and swelling reduce.
Cryotherapy reduces cell death after exercise and slows down the speed at which our nerves conduct impulses. This leads to reduced tissue damage and pain sensation.
The narrowing of the blood vessels caused by cryotherapy leads to an increase in blood flow back to the core of the body. This stimulates a process in the body known as the “baroreflex.” The stimulation of the baroreflex by whole-body cryotherapy activates the parasympathetic nervous system. This is the part of the nervous system responsible for rest and recovery.
Cryotherapy also activates the “endogenous opioid system.” This is the system in the body that influences pain perception, sense of wellbeing and reward. This is thought to be the reason why cryotherapy can have a beneficial effect on depression, anxiety and an overall sense of wellbeing.
The whole-body cryochamber that we use can get down to temperatures as low as -140℃. However, most people will start off with temperatures approaching -110℃. There are several cryochambers in London that go down to temperatures of -85℃. However, most of the medical research into whole-body cryotherapy has been done at lower temperatures.
When you come to Coyne Medical for your Cryotherapy session we will first ensure that it is safe for you to get in the chamber. We will review your medical history and check your blood pressure. Then you will get changed into the appropriate personal-protective-clothing. Depending on your cryotherapy experience, you will be in the cryochamber for 2 and a half to four minutes. The whole process usually takes 20 minutes to half an hour.
Inside the cryochamber, you will wear personal protective clothing that consists of a headband, face mask, gloves, long-socks, slippers and a sports bra for women.
No, you don’t need to bring anything with you unless you would feel more comfortable in your own clothing.
Whole-body cryotherapy is very safe but it is not suitable for everyone. Certain medical conditions prohibit the use of cryotherapy. These include:
Cryoglobinaemia – this is a medical condition whereby patients have a large number of cold-sensitive antibodies. These proteins become insoluble when the body temperature drops and clump together causing restricted blood flow.
Raynaud’s syndrome – a condition where blood flow to the extremities is unusually cold sensitive.
Claustrophobia – as although the window of the chamber can be open and the door can be pushed open easily the chamber is still a confined space.
Hypothyroidism – this condition increases sensitivity to cold temperatures.
Cardiovascular system disease – people unstable angina, peripheral vascular disease and cardiac failure would be unsuitable for whole body cryotherapy as it causes constriction of the peripheral blood vessels
Acute respiratory tract disease – these may be worsened by exposure to cold air and relative lack of humidity.
Severe wasting diseases – people with muscle wastage may not be able to tolerate cold temperatures.
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Severe anaemia
Pregnancy
Seizure disorders
Wound healing problems
DVT – again this will have affected the peripheral blood vessels adversely so people who have had a DVT should not undergo cryotherapy.
Alcohol or drug use – both of these can adversely affect the normal physiological response to cold.
The whole-body cryochamber rapidly cools the skin. It is the rapid skin cooling that leads to the beneficial effects of cryotherapy. It does not affect your body tissues below the layer of the skin. Hence, it will not affect breast implants.
The current recommendations advise that people with cancer or people who are in remission from cancer should not undergo whole-body cryotherapy. Once people are in remission from cancer for 5 years it is safe to undergo whole-body cryotherapy.
A °CRYO Chamber is where we conduct our whole body cryotherapy sessions. Once you step into a °CRYO Chamber, your body is briefly enveloped with cryogenically cooled air with temperatures reaching as low as -140°C for a maximum period of three minutes.
Cryotherapy treatments are not dangerous as the liquid nitrogen that is used as a chilling agent does not come into contact with your skin. A trained operator is always present during the treatment to control the temperature levels and monitor your comfort.
Most people can do a cryotherapy session. The people who cannot are anyone who: (1) has unmanaged hypertension or a pacemaker, (2) has a history of or is being treated for cancer (3) has deep vein thrombosis, (4) has a cold allergy or (5) is pregnant. If you have questions about whether you face any risk, you should first ask your healthcare provider before booking a session.
Most of our treatments last for three minutes. However, some of our facial and other sessions can last up to 60 minutes depending on your requirements.
Absolutely. Our °CRYO Chamber has the option to have your head above the cold air and maintain contact with the outside. The °CRYO Chamber is also equipped with a door that is closed but not locked, so you are always in control while in the chamber.
You will be in your underwear and we will provide disposable ones (upon request) to put on as well. We will also provide mittens, socks and foot protection to protect your extremities from the cold.
It depends on the results you are trying to achieve. We generally recommend 2-3 treatments per week to see results. °CRYO Science cannot guarantee that any of our clients will see specific results.
*Results may vary based on the individual
While every °CRYO session can be beneficial, we suggest that the series be repeated every three months. Athletes will often have between 4-6 sessions per week to help achieve peak performance during intense training periods.